Hydraulic Ram Pump-Pumping by Water Hammer

The axial turbine operates as a reaction turbine as used in gas turbines and steam turbines. The water flows through a stator where it is deflected and accelerated. Then, the water hits then the blades where it delivers kinetic energy and pressure energy and puts the rotor in motion. The water pressure steadily decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The trainer provides the basic experiments to get to know the operating behaviour and the most important characteristic variables of axial turbines. HM 287 features a closed water circuit with an axial turbine, a centrifugal pump and a water tank. The stator and the rotor of the turbine are mounted in a transparent housing and can be observed during operation. The loading device is outside of the housing. The eddy current brake generates a defined load. The eddy current brake is specially developed. It is wear-free and can be finely adjusted. The flow rate is adjusted using a valve. The trainer is fitted with a sensor for pressure (turbine inlet). The torque produced by the turbine is determined via an electronic force sensor. The speed is measured with an optical speed sensor. The flow rate is determined by an orifice plate with differential pressure measurement. The microprocessor-based measuring technique is well protected in the housing. The measured values are transmitted directly to a PC via USB where they can be analysed using the software included. All the advantages of software-supported experiments with operation and evaluation are offered by software and the microprocessor.

Learning Objectives

• Principle of operation of an axial turbine
• Determination of the power output
• Determination of the efficiency
• Recording of the characteristic curve
• Comparison of experiment and calculation