FM-411.1 | Energy Losses in Bends Apparatus

When water flows through a pipe system, the flow resistances causes pressure losses to occur at pipe fittings and valves and fittings. This unit can be used to investigate and visualise the pressure losses in pipe elements. The experimental unit can be used to assess how different pipe geometries affect the flow. The experimental unit comprises a pipe section containing several pipe elements with different flow resistances, as well as a contraction and enlargement piece. There is also a ball valve integrated in the pipe. There are pressure measuring points with annular chambers upstream and downstream of the pipe elements, which ensure accurate pressure measurement. The pressure measuring points can be connected in pairs to tube manometers in order to determine the pressure loss of a pipe element. The experimental unit is positioned easily and securely on the work surface of the base module. The water is supplied and the flow rate measured by. Alternatively, the experimental unit can be operated by the laboratory supply.

Learning Objectives

• Investigate pressure losses at segment bend and bends
• Investigate pressure loss at contraction and enlargement
• Pressure loss at a ball valve and determination of a simple valve characteristic