FM-114.1 | Flow Through an Orifice

Hydrodynamics considers the relationship between the trajectory, the outlet contour and the outlet velocity during flow from tanks. These considerations have practical applications in hydraulic engineering or in the design of bottom outlets in dams, for example. Apparatus allows a user to study and visualize the profile of a water jet. Additionally, the contraction coefficient can be determined as a characteristic for different contours. The experimental unit includes a transparent tank, a point gauge and a board for visualizing the jet paths. An interchangeable insert is installed in the tank’s water outlet to facilitate the investigation of various openings. Inserts with different diameters and contours are provided along with the unit. To visualize the trajectory, the issued water jet is measured via a point gauge that consists of movable rods. The rods are positioned depending on the profile of the water jet. This results in a trajectory that is transferred to the board. The tank contains an adjustable overflow and a scale. In this way, a precise adjustment and accurate reading of the fill level are possible. The experimental unit is positioned easily and securely on the work surface of the Hydraulic bench. The water is supplied and the flow rate measured.